Category: Featured Artist

Featured Music Artists showcases a curated selection of talented musicians from various genres and backgrounds. Dive into their stories, discover their unique sound, and explore what makes them stand out in the music industry. This category highlights both rising stars and established artists shaping the future of music.


Don Henley

Born: July 22nd,1947
Birthplace: Gilmer, TX
Gender: Male
Race or Ethnicity: White
Sexual orientation: Straight
Occupation: Musician
Party Affiliation: Democratic
Nationality: United States
Executive summary: The Eagles

Father: C. J. Henley (died 1972)
Mother: Hughlene McWhorter (died 2003)
Wife: Sharon Summerall (married 20-May-1995, two daughters, one son)

Official Website:
http://www.donhenley.com/

Donald Hugh “Don” Henley (born July 22, 1947, in Gilmer, Texas) is an American singer, songwriter and drummer, best known as a founding member of the Eagles before launching a successful solo career. Henley was the drummer and lead vocalist for the Eagles from 1971–1980, when the band broke up. Henley sings lead vocals on Eagles hits such as “Witchy Woman“, “Desperado“, “Best of My Love“, “One of These Nights“, “Hotel California“, “Life in the Fast Lane“, and “The Long Run“. He and Glenn Frey formed one of the most successful songwriting partnerships in music history.

After the Eagles broke up in 1980, Henley pursued a solo career and released his debut album in 1982. He has released four studio albums, two compilation albums, and one live DVD. His solo hits include “Dirty Laundry“, “The Boys of Summer“, “All She Wants to Do Is Dance“, “The Heart of the Matter”, “The Last Worthless Evening“, “Sunset Grill“, “Not Enough Love in the World“, “New York Minute” and “The End of the Innocence“.

The Eagles have sold over 120 million albums worldwide, won six Grammy Awards, had five #1 singles, 17 Top 40 singles, and six #1 albums. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998 and are the biggest selling American band in history. As a solo artist, Henley has sold over 10 million albums worldwide, had eight Top 40 singles, won two Grammys and five MTV Video Music Awards. Combined with the Eagles and as a solo artist, Henley has released 25 Top 40 singles on the Billboard Hot 100. He has released seven studio albums with the Eagles and four as a solo artist. In 2008, he was ranked the 87th greatest singer of all time by Rolling Stone magazine.

Henley has also played a founding role in several environmental and political causes, most notably the Walden Woods Project. Since 1994, he has divided his musical activities between the Eagles and his solo career.

Henley grew up in the small northeast Texas town of Linden. He initially attended college at Stephen F. Austin State University in Nacogdoches, Texas. He then attended North Texas State University (renamed in 1988 as University of North Texas) in Denton, Texas, from 1967 to 1969. Henley left school to spend time with his father, who was dying from heart and arterial disease.

In 1970, he moved to Los Angeles to record an album with his early band, Shiloh. Shiloh’s album was produced by fellow Texan Kenny Rogers. Shortly thereafter, Henley met Glenn Frey. They both became members of Linda Ronstadt‘s backup band. Touring with her was the catalyst for forming the group. As a result, two months later they, along with Bernie Leadon and Randy Meisner, became their own act, Eagles.

The Eagles were formed in September 1971, and released their first album in 1972, which contained the hit song “Take It Easy“, written by Frey and Jackson Browne. During the band’s run, Henley co-wrote (usually with Frey) most of the band’s best-known songs.

Henley sang lead vocals on many of the band’s popular songs, including “Desperado“, “Witchy Woman“, “Best of My Love“, “One of These Nights“, “Hotel California“, “The Long Run“, “Life in the Fast Lane” and “Wasted Time”. The Eagles won numerous Grammy Awards during the 1970s and became one of the most successful rock bands of all time. They are also among the top 5 overall best-selling bands of all time in America and the highest selling American band in U.S. history.

 

The band broke up in 1980, following a difficult tour and personal tensions that arose during the recording of The Long Run. The Eagles subsequently reunited in 1994. Henley continues to tour and record with the Eagles. Their latest album, Long Road Out of Eden, was released in 2007.

Solo Career

Following the breakup of the Eagles, Henley embarked on a solo career. He and Stevie Nicks (his girlfriend at the time) had duetted on her Top 10 Pop and Adult Contemporary hit “Leather and Lace” in late 1981. Henley’s first solo album, 1982’s I Can’t Stand Still, was a moderate seller. The single “Dirty Laundry” reached #3 on Billboard Hot 100 at the beginning of 1983 and earned a Gold-certified single for sales of over a million copies in the US. It was Henley’s all-time biggest solo hit and was nominated for a Grammy. Henley also contributed “Love Rules” to the 1982 Fast Times at Ridgemont High soundtrack.

This was followed in 1984 by Building the Perfect Beast. A single release, “The Boys of Summer“, reached No. 5 on the Billboard Hot 100. The music video for the song was directed by Jean-Baptiste Mondino and won several MTV Video Music Awards including Best Video of the Year. Henley also won the Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance for the song. Several other songs on the album, “All She Wants to Do Is Dance” (No. 9 on Hot 100), “Not Enough Love in the World” (#34) and “Sunset Grill” (#22) also received considerable airplay. He then had a #3 album rock chart hit with “Who Owns This Place?” from 1986’s The Color of Money soundtrack.

 

Henley’s next album, 1989’s The End of the Innocence, was even more successful. The song “The End of the Innocence“, a collaboration with Bruce Hornsby reached No. 8 as a single. “The Heart of the Matter“, “The Last Worthless Evening” and “New York Minute” were among other songs that gained radio airplay. Henley again won the Best Male Rock Vocal Performance Grammy in 1990 for the album. Also in 1989, Henley made a brief appearance on MTV‘s Unplugged series.

In 1995 Henley released the single “The Garden of Allah” to promote his greatest hits solo album Actual Miles: Henley’s Greatest Hits.

In live shows, Henley would play drums and sing simultaneously only on certain Eagles songs. On his solo songs he would either play electric guitar and sing or just sing. Occasionally Eagles songs would get drastic rearrangements, such as “Hotel California” with four trombones.

Don Henley spent many years in legal entanglements with record company Geffen Records. Following years of tension between Henley and the label, the dispute went public and the record company filed a $30-million breach-of-contract suit in Superior Court after receiving a notice from Henley saying he was terminating his contract even though he reportedly owed the company two more studio albums and a greatest-hits collection. Henley wanted to sign a publishing deal with EMI that would have been worth a few million dollars. Geffen Records stopped this from happening, which in turn upset Henley.

Geffen Records claimed that Henley was in breach of contract and Henley attempted to get out of his contract in 1993 based on an old statute. Under the statute, a California law enacted over 50 years ago to free actors from long-term studio deals, entertainers cannot be forced to work for any company for more than seven years. Geffen Records did not want Henley signing with any other label, and had an agreement from Sony and EMI that they would not sign Henley. Henley counter-sued Geffen Records claiming he was “blackballed” by David Geffen, who made agreements with other record labels not to sign him. Henley eventually became an outspoken advocate for musicians’ rights, taking a stand against music labels whom he feels refuse to pay bands their due royalties. Henley came to terms with Geffen Records when the Eagles reunion took off and the company eventually took a large chunk of the profit from the reunion album. Glenn Frey was also in legal entanglements with his label, MCA Records (whose parent company had also acquired Geffen). Before the Eagles reunion tour could begin, the band had to file suit against Elektra Records, who had planned to release a new Eagles Greatest Hits album. The band won that battle.

Don Henley and Courtney Love testified at a California Senate hearing on that state’s contractual laws in Sacramento on September 5, 2001. In 2002 Henley became the head of the Recording Artist’s Coalition. The coalition’s primary aim was to raise money to mount a legal and political battle against the major record labels. Henley says the group seeks to change the fundamental rules that govern most recording contracts, including copyright ownership, long-term control of intellectual property and unfair accounting practices. This group filed a friend-of-the-court brief in the Napster case, urging District Judge Marilyn Hall Patel not to accept the industry’s broad claims of works made for hire authorship.

A long period without a new recording followed, as Henley waited out a dispute with his record company while also participating in a 1994 Eagles reunion tour and live album. During the hiatus, Henley recorded a cover of “Sit Down, You’re Rockin’ the Boat” for the film Leap of Faith, provided background vocals for country star Trisha Yearwood‘s hit single “Walkaway Joe”, and duetted with Patty Smyth on “Sometimes Love Just Ain’t Enough” and Roger Waters on “Watching TV” on Waters’ Amused to Death album, in 1992. Henley provided the voice of Henry Faust in Randy Newman’s Faust, a 1993 musical which was released on compact disc that year.

In 2000, after 11 years, Henley released another solo studio recording, Inside Job, containing the single “Taking You Home”. He performed songs from the album in a VH1 Storytellers episode in 2000. In 2002 a live DVD entitled Don Henley: Live Inside Job was released. In 2005 Henley opened 10 of Stevie Nicks‘ concerts on her Two Voices Tour.

Henley performed duets with Kenny Rogers on Rogers’ 2006 release Water & Bridges titled “Calling Me” and on Reba McEntire’s 2007 album, Reba: Duets, performing “Break Each Other’s Hearts Again”.

In a 2007 interview with CNN, while discussing the future of the Eagles, Henley indicated he still has plans for more records: “But we all have some solo plans still. I still have a contract with a major label (Warner] for a couple of solo albums.”

In January 2011, Henley commenced work on a solo album of country covers featuring special guests. Ronnie Dunn from Brooks & Dunn and Alison Krauss have recorded a song with Henley for the album.

(via Wikipedia)


Carol King

Carole King (born Carol Klein on February 9, 1942) is an American Singer/Songwriter and Pianist. King and her former husband Gerry Goffin penned dozens of chart hits for various artists in the 1960s. In 1971 her Grammy winning album Tapestry, was #1 on the Billboard 200 for 15 consecutive weeks and remained on the charts for more than six years! King attended Queens College in New York, where she was a classmate (and girlfriend) of Neil Sedaka and inspired Sedaka’s first hit, “Oh! Carol.” She responded in song  with “Oh! Neil”.

Goffin and King formed a songwriting team for Aldon Music in New York. Their first success was “Will You Love Me Tomorrow”, recorded by The Shirelles. It topped the American charts in 1961, becoming the first No. 1 hit by a girl group. It was later recorded by Linda Ronstadt, Ben E. King, Dusty Springfield, Laura Branigan, Little Eva, Roberta Flack, The Four Seasons, Bryan Ferry, Dave Mason, Dionne Warwick, and Melanie Safka as well as by King herself, and Amy Winehouse. Goffin and King married in September 1960 and had two daughters, Louise Goffin and Sherry Goffin. Both are musicians.

In 1965, Goffin and King wrote a theme song for Sidney Sheldon’s television series, I Dream of Jeannie, but an instrumental by Hugo Montenegro was used instead. Goffin and King’s 1967 song, “Pleasant Valley Sunday”, a No.3 for The Monkees, was inspired by their move to suburban West Orange, New Jersey. Goffin and King also wrote “Porpoise Song (Theme from Head)” for Head, the Monkees’ film. (King also co-wrote “As We Go Along” with Toni Stern for the same film soundtrack.) Goffin and King divorced in 1968 but Carole consulted Goffin on music she was writing.

In 1968, King was hired with Toni Stern to write for Strawberry Alarm Clock – “Lady of the Lake” and “Blues for a Young Girl Gone” — which appeared on the album The World in a Seashell. King sang backup vocals on the demo of Little Eva’s “The Loco-Motion” which she also co-wrote. She had had a modest hit in 1962 singing one of her own songs, “It Might As Well Rain Until September” (22 in the US and top 10 in the UK, later a hit in Canada for Gary and Dave), but after “He’s a Bad Boy” made 94 in 1963, it took King eight years to reach the Hot 100 singles chart again as a performer.

As the ’60s waned, King helped start Tomorrow Records, divorced Goffin and married Charles Larkey (of the Myddle Class), with whom she had two children, Molly and Levi. Moving to the West Coast, Larkey, King, and Danny Kortchmar formed The City, which made one album, Now That Everything’s Been Said, a commercial failure. King made Writer (1970), also a commercial failure.

King followed Writer in 1971 with Tapestry, featuring new folk-flavored compositions, as well as reinterpretations of two of her songs, “Will You Love Me Tomorrow” and “(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman.” Tapestry was an instant success. With numerous hit singles – including a Billboard No.1 with “It’s Too Late” – Tapestry held the No.1 spot for 15 consecutive weeks, remained on the charts for nearly six years, sold 10 million copies in the United States, and 25 million worldwide. The album garnered four Grammy Awards including Album of the Year; Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female; Record of the Year (“It’s Too Late,” lyrics by Toni Stern); and Song of the Year, become the first woman to win the award (“You’ve Got a Friend”). The album signaled the era of platinum albums, though it was issued prior to the invention of the platinum certification by the RIAA. It would eventually be certified Diamond. Tapestry was the top-selling solo album until Michael Jackson’s Thriller in 1982. The album was later placed at 36 on Rolling Stone’s “500 Greatest Albums of All Time” list. In addition, “It’s Too Late” was placed at No.469 on Rolling Stone’s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.
Carole King: Music was released in December 1971, certified gold on December 9, 1971. It entered the top ten at 8, becoming the first of many weeks Tapestry and Carole King: Music would occupy the top 10 simultaneously. The following week, it rose to 3, and finally No.1 on January 1, 1972, staying there for three weeks. The album also spawned a top 10 hit, “Sweet Seasons” (US No.9 and AC #2). Music stayed on the Billboard pop album charts for 44 weeks. Carole King: Music was eventually certified platinum.

Rhymes and Reasons (1972), and Fantasy (1973) followed, each earning gold certifications. Rhymes and Reasons produced another hit, “Been to Canaan” (US No.24 and AC #1), and Fantasy produced two hits, “Believe in Humanity” (US #28) and “Corazon” (US No.37 and AC #5), as well as another song that charted on the Hot 100, “You Light Up My Life” (US No.68 and AC #6).

In 1973, King performed a free concert in New York City’s Central Park with 100,000 attending.

In September 1974, King released her album Wrap Around Joy, which was certified gold on October 16, 1974 and entered the top ten at 7 on October 19, 1974. Two weeks later it reached 1 and stayed there one week. She toured to promote the album. Wrap Around Joy spawned two hits. Jazzman was a single and reached 2 on November 9 but fell out of the top ten the next week. Nightingale, a single on December 17, went to No.9 on March 1, 1975.

 

In 1975, King scored songs for the animated TV production of Maurice Sendak’s Really Rosie, released as an album by the same name, with lyrics by Sendak.

Thoroughbred (1976) was the last studio album she made under the Ode label. In addition to enlisting her long-time friends such as David Crosby, Graham Nash, James Taylor and Waddy Wachtel, King reunited with Gerry Goffin to write four songs for the album. Their partnership continued intermittently. King also did a promotional tour for the album in 1976.

In 1977, King collaborated with another songwriter Rick Evers on Simple Things, the first release with a new label distributed by Capitol Records. Shortly after that King and Evers were married; he died of a heroin overdose one year later. Simple Things was her first album that failed to reach the top 10 on the Billboard since Tapestry, and it was her last Gold-certified record by the RIAA, except for a compilation entitled Her Greatest Hits the following year. Neither Welcome Home (1978), her debut as a co-producer on an album, nor Touch the Sky (1979), reached the top 100.

Pearls – The Songs of Goffin and King (1980) yielded a hit single, an updated version of “One Fine Day.” Pearls marked the end of King’s career as a hitmaker and a performer, no subsequent single reaching the top 40.

 

King moved to Atlantic Records for One to One (1982), and Speeding Time in 1983, which was a reunion with Tapestry-era producer Lou Adler. In 1983, she played piano in “Chains and Things” on the B.B. King album Why I Sing The Blues. After a well-received concert tour in 1984, journalist Catherine Foster of the Christian Science Monitor dubbed King as “a Queen of Rock.” She also called King’s performing as “all spunk and exuberance.”

In 1985, she wrote and performed “Care-A-Lot,” theme to The Care Bears Movie. Also in 1985, she scored and performed (with David Sanborn) the soundtrack to the Martin Ritt-directed movie Murphy’s Romance. The soundtrack, again produced by Adler, included the songs “Running Lonely” and “Love For The Last Time (Theme from ‘Murphy’s Romance’),” although a soundtrack album was apparently never officially released. King made a cameo appearance in the film as Tillie, a town hall employee.

n 1989, she returned to Capitol Records and recorded City Streets, with Eric Clapton on two tracks and Branford Marsalis on one, followed by Color of Your Dreams (1993), with an appearance by Slash of Guns N’ Roses. Her song, “Now and Forever,” was in the opening credits to the 1992 movie A League of Their Own, and was nominated for a Grammy Award.

In 1988, she starred in the off-Broadway production A Minor Incident, and in 1994, she played Mrs Johnstone on Broadway in Blood Brothers. In 1996, she appeared in Brighton Beach Memoirs in Ireland, directed by Peter Sheridan. In 1991, she wrote with Mariah Carey the song “If It’s Over”, for Carey’s second album Emotions. In 1996, she wrote “Wall Of Smiles / Torre De Marfil” with Soraya for her 1997 album of the same title.

In 1997, King wrote and recorded backing vocals on “The Reason” for Celine Dion on her album Let’s Talk About Love. The song sold worldwide, including one million in France. It went to number 1 in France, 11 in the UK, and 13 in Ireland. The pair performed a duet on the first VH1 Divas Live benefit concert. King also performed her “You’ve Got A Friend” with Celine Dion, Gloria Estefan and Shania Twain as well as “(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman” with Aretha Franklin and others, including Mariah Carey. In 1998, King wrote “Anyone at All”, and performed it in You’ve Got Mail, starring Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan.

In 2001, King appeared in a television ad for the Gap, with her daughter, Louise Goffin. She performed a new song, “Love Makes the World,” which became a title track for her studio album in autumn 2001 on her own label, Rockingale, distributed by Koch Records. The album includes songs she wrote for other artists during the mid-1990s and features Celine Dion, Steven Tyler, Babyface and k.d. lang. Love Makes the World went to 158 in the US and No.86 in the UK. It also debuted on Billboard’s Top Independent Albums chart and Top Internet Albums chart at #20. An expanded edition of the album was issued six years later called Love Makes the World Deluxe Edition. It contains a bonus disc with five additional tracks, including a remake of “Where You Lead (I Will Follow)” co-written with Toni Stern. The same year, King and Stern wrote “Sayonara Dance,” recorded by Yuki, former lead vocalist of the Japanese band Judy and Mary, on her first solo album Prismic the following year. Also in 2001, King composed a song for All About Chemistry album by Semisonic, with the band’s frontman Dan Wilson.

King launched her Living Room Tour in July 2004 at the Auditorium Theatre in Chicago. That show, along with shows at the Greek Theater in Los Angeles and the Cape Cod Melody Tent (Hyannis, Massachusetts) were recorded as The Living Room Tour in July 2005. The album sold 44,000 copies in its first week in the US, landing at 17 on the Billboard 200, her highest-charting album since 1977. The album also charted at 51 in Australia. It has sold 330,000 copies in the United States. In August 2006 the album reentered the Billboard 200 at 151. The tour stopped in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. A DVD of the tour, called Welcome to My Living Room, was released in October 2007.

 

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In November 2007, King toured Japan with Mary J. Blige and Fergie from The Black Eyed Peas. Japanese record labels Sony and Victor reissued most of King’s albums, including the works from the late 1970s previously unavailable on compact disc. King recorded a duet of the Goffin/King composition “Time Don’t Run Out on Me” with Anne Murray on Murray’s 2007 album Anne Murray Duets: Friends and Legends. The song had previously been recorded by Murray for her 1984 album Heart Over Mind.

In 2010, King and James Taylor staged their Troubadour Reunion Tour together, recalling the first time they played at The Troubadour in Los Angeles in 1970. The pair had reunited two and a half years earlier with the band they used in 1970 to mark the club’s 50th anniversary. They enjoyed it so much that they decided to take the band on the road. The touring band featured players from that original band: Russ Kunkel, Leland Sklar, and Danny Kortchmar. Also present was King’s son-in-law, Robbie Kondor. King played piano and Taylor guitar on each others’ songs, and they sang together some of the numbers they were both associated with. The tour began in Australia in March, returning to the United States in May. It was a major commercial success, with King playing to some of the largest audiences of her career. Total ticket sales exceeded 700,000 and the tour grossed over 59 million dollars, making it one of the most successful tours of the year.

 

During their Troubadour Reunion Tour, Carole King released two albums, one with James Taylor. The first, released on April 27, 2010, The Essential Carole King, is a two-disc compilation album. The first disc features many songs Carole King has recorded, mostly her hit singles. The second disc features recordings by other artists of songs that King wrote, most of which made the top 40, and many of which reached #1. The second album was released on May 4, 2010 and is a collaboration of King and James Taylor called Live at the Troubadour, which debuted at No.4 in the United States with sales of 78,000 copies. Live at the Troubadour has since received a gold record from the RIAA for shipments of over 500,000 copies in the US and has remained on the charts for 34 weeks, currently charting at No.170 on the Billboard 200.

 

On December 22, 2010, Carole King’s mother, Eugenia Gingold, died in the Hospice Care unit at Delray Medical Center in Delray Beach, Florida at the age of 94. King stated that the cause of death was congestive heart failure. Gingold’s passing was reported by the Miami Herald on January 1, 2011.

2009 Interview with Carole King

In the fall of 2011 she released A Holiday Carole, which includes holiday standards and new songs written by her daughter Louise Goffin who also is producer for the album.

U.S. Billboard Top 10 Albums

1971 – Tapestry (#1)
1971 – Carole King: Music (#1)
1972 – Rhymes and Reasons (#2)
1973 – Fantasy (#6)
1974 – Wrap Around Joy (#1)
1976 – Thoroughbred (#3)
2010 – Live at the Troubadour (with James Taylor) (#4)

U.S. Billboard Top 10 ‘Pop’ Singles

1971 – “I Feel the Earth Move” (#1)
1971 – “It’s Too Late” (#1)
1971 – “Sweet Seasons” (#9)
1974 – “Jazzman” (#2)
1974 – “Nightingale” (#9)

Some of the songs written or co-written by Carole King:

Been to Canaan
Chains (Little Eva, Beatles)
Child of Mine
Crying in the Rain
Don’t Bring Me Down (The Animals song)
Don’t Ever Change
Don’t Say Nothin’ Bad (About My Baby)-(The Cookies)
Go Away Little Girl (Steve Lawrence)
Goin’ Back
Halfway to Paradise
He Hit Me (It Felt Like a Kiss)
Hey Girl (Freddie Scott song)
Hi De Ho (Blood Sweat & Tears)
I Can’t Hear You No More
I Feel the Earth Move (Tapestry)
I’m into Something Good (Herman’s Hermits)
If It’s Over (Mariah Carey)
Is This What I Get For Loving You?
It Might As Well Rain Until September
It’s Going to Take Some Time
It’s Too Late (Carole King song)
Jazzman (Carole King song)
Just Once in My Life
Keep Your Hands Off My Baby
The Loco-Motion (Little Eva)
(You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman (Aretha Frankklin)
Nightingale
Now and Forever (Carole King song)
Oh No Not My Baby (Maxine Brown)
On this Side of Goodbye
One Fine Day (Chiffons)
Only Love Is Real
Pleasant Valley Sunday (Monkees)
Porpoise Song (Monkees Theme from Head)
The Reason (Celine Dion song)
So Far Away (Carole King song)
So Much Love
Some Kind of Wonderful (Marvin Gaye)
Sweet Young Thing
Take a Giant Step (The Monkees song)
Take Good Care of My Baby (Bobby Vee)
Time Don’t Run Out on Me
Up on the Roof (Drifters, James Taylor)
Welcome to My Living Room
Where You Lead
Will You Love Me Tomorrow (Shirelles)
You Light Up My Life (Debbie Boone)
You’ve Got a Friend (Carole King, James Taylor)

 


Bob Marley

Bob Marley

Given Name:  Robert Nesta Marley

Born: February 6, 1945
Birthplace: Nine Miles, Jamaica
Died: May 11, 1981
Location of death: Miami, FL
Cause of death: Cancer – Brain
Remains: Buried, Bob Marley Mausoleum, Nine Mile, Jamaica

Gender: Male
Religion: Rastafarian
Race or Ethnicity: Multiracial
Sexual orientation: Straight
Occupation: Singer/Songwriter

 Official Website:
http://www.bobmarley.com/

Bob Marley – The first reggae performer to achieve a world-wide audience — as well as being a significant cultural figure — Robert Nesta Marley was born in Nine Miles, a small village located in the north Jamaican parish of St. Ann. His father Norval Marley was Jamaican-born but of British decent, having returned to the island following several decades of service in the British Army and married Cedella Booker, an 18-year old native Jamaican woman. Bob’s father provided financial support for his family, but had a minimal presence in his son’s life as a result of his frequent traveling; this support ended in 1955, however, when Norval died of a heart attack, forcing Bob and his mother to relocate from rural Nine Miles to the dangerous Trench Town slums of Kingston. It was here that he became active in music, inspired both by American R&B and the unique styles developing in Kingston.

At the age of 14 Marley left school to work as a welder’s apprentice, while also pursuing his musical interests with friend Neville “Bunny” Livingston (later to be known as Bunny Wailer) and an older Rastafarian singer named Joe Higgs. Sessions with Higgs provided an introduction to fellow aspiring singer Winston “Peter” McIntosh (who subsequently shortened his name to just Peter Tosh), who would complete the collaborative trio within which Marley and Livingston would operate until the mid-1970s. In 1962 Marley recorded his first two singles Judge Not and One Cup of Coffee with producer/Beverly’s Records founder Leslie Kong, and although neither song (the latter released under the Kong-invented pseudonym “Bobby Martell”) received much attention, Marley remained fully committed to establishing himself as a performer. Marley, Livingston and McIntosh then assembled a six-piece ska group they first named The Teenagers and then The Wailing Rudeboys before settling on The Wailing Wailers in mid-1963.

Kong’s questionable accounting practices ultimately brought an end to his association with the group, and so in the summer of 1963 the Wailing Wailers auditioned for Studio One owner Clement Dodd, who produced the two tracks I’m Still Waiting and It Hurts to Be Alone. Manufactured in an edition of 300, the single had a significant impact on the streetside “sound system” circuit, prompting Dodd to arrange another session soon afterward. The group member who had provided lead vocals for It Hurts To Be Alone, Junior Braithwaite, had just moved to the States with his family, and so for the next single Simmer Down the role of principal singer fell to Marley. Released on Dodd’s Coxsone label just prior to Christmas, in February 1964 Simmer Down reached the top of the Jamaican charts, attracting national attention to Marley and his bandmates.

In spite of a run of successful singles throughout the next two years (Rude Boy, Rudie, Jailhouse, One Love, Put It On) by the end of 1965 financial difficulties had whittled the Wailing Wailers line-up down to the core trio of Bob, Bunny and Peter. The following year Marley briefly relocated to the U.S., where his mother had recently established a home with her second husband in Delaware; after working for eight months to finance his music career, the singer moved back to Kingston to resume activity with the group — now simply known as The Wailers. Their recordings had already been gradually evolving from “rude boy” street anthems to more socially-conscious material, but by 1967 the influence of the Rastafarian movement on Marley and his bandmates had become the central concern behind their music.

The shift in Jamaican popular music from ska to rock-steady during the mid-1960s resulted in a significant drop in sales for Dodd, who had not instigated a corresponding shift in his label’s output. This — aggravated by the lack of financial compensation that had plagued the group from the beginning — prompted the Wailers to leave Coxsone and establish their own Wail’N’Soul’M label and shop based at Marley’s home in Trench Town. For each new release, the band (which now also included Marley’s wife Rita) would personally bring the records around to Kingston shops; unfortunately, this approach proved much too difficult to maintain, and towards the end of 1967 a lack of resources forced the singer to dissolve the label. The single Bend Down Low b/w Mellow Mood did find it’s way into the world prior to this outcome, however, and the latter track would become one of Marley’s most frequently covered songs.

For a short while the Wailers continued primarily as songwriters for other artists, but in 1970 the group began working with Lee “Scratch” Perry, an innovate producer who had established his own Upsetter label in 1968. Perry helped to transform their sound — taking them farther away from the conventional vocal harmonies of their early years and bringing a more contemporary edge to the material — and in subsequent years, their collaborations with him would come to be widely regarded as the high point of The Wailers’ (and Marley’s) career. Brothers Aston “Family Man” Barrett and Carlton Barrett from Perry’s studio band The Upsetters were brought in to provide the rhythm section for the sessions, utilizing a style developed in the studio with Perry that had helped to define the emerging reggae genre. A large number of single tracks (My Cup, Duppy Conqueror, 400 Years, Small Axe, Soul Rebel amongst them) were recorded during this period, as well as other tracks collected on the full-length albums Soul Rebels (1970) and Soul Revolution (1971). In 1971 Bob Marley traveled to Europe with American vocalist Johnny Nash, where he successfully secured a recording contract with CBS. The next Wailer’s single Reggae on Broadway (1972) had little international impact, but while promoting the single in the UK Marley was able to arrange a more lucrative deal with Island Records founder Chris Blackwell; the full-length album Catch a Fire was issued in April of 1973, at last giving the group access to a world-wide audience. Media attention to the record was considerable, and a tour of Britain and the United States (a rare occurrence for a reggae act) was quickly arranged. Bunny Wailer refused to participate in the American leg of the tour, but the remaining band — with old mentor Joe Higgs serving as Bunny’s replacement — made an enormous impact on U.S. audiences both as headliners and as an opening act for American performers such as Bruce Springsteen and Sly and the Family Stone.

The Wailer’s second album for Island, Burnin’, was released in October of ’73 and featured what would become one of Marley’s best-known tracks Get Up, Stand Up. The album also included the song I Shot the Sheriff, which was turned into an international hit via an Eric Clapton cover version the following year. Burnin’ also marked the end of the original Wailer’s collaboration, as the stress resulting from the band’s fame would induce both Bunny Wailer and Peter Tosh to leave by the end of 1974. Marley spent most of the following year in the studio putting together his next album Natty Dread, utilizing a backing band that now included the female vocal trio The I-Threes (comprised of his wife Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths and Judy Mowatt), guitarist Al Anderson, keyboardist Bernard Touter Harvey and percussionist Alvin Patterson in addition to the Barrett brothers rhythm section. Released in early 1975 and credited to “Bob Marley and the Wailers”, Natty Dread helped to extend the singer’s international reputation, eventually placing in both the US and UK top 100.